Which African country was victorious over the colonial powers?

 1896's Battle of Adwa

Italo-Ethiopian War.

In the northern Ethiopian town of Adwa, women, farmers, and warriors defeated a well-armed Italian force on March 1 and 2, 1896. Ethiopia is the only African nation that has never been colonised thanks to the conclusion of this conflict, which guaranteed its independence. The Mighty Ethiopian forces, led by Emperor Menelik II, engaged the Italian invasion forces in the Battle of Adwa over the course of two days (1st and 2nd March). It was the pivotal battle in the First Italo-Ethiopian War and in the history of modern Africa, as it saw the defeat of a European Colonial power and the European powers' recognition of Ethiopia as a sovereign nation state.Because they did not want to admit that an army of Black warriors had defeated a white army in such a decisive fight, many newspapers all around the world depicted Ethiopians as being white.

The Ethiopians also used trained "Battle Lions" as well as other dangerous animals and insects as weapons, including bees, wasps, lions, elephants, and cheetahs. Numerous Italian kills were attributable to these creatures, which the Italian army was unprepared for and was powerless to stop. General Oreste Baraterie, who was killed, commanded the Italian forces. He intended to fight the Ethiopians in small-scale skirmishes rather than taking on their main force in a decisive confrontation.On the other hand, the Ethiopians intended to defeat the main Italian force in a single combat by utilising their superior infantry and artillery capabilities.

Italy suffered a humiliating loss at the Battle of Adwa, and the Ethiopians responded by driving the bloody retreating Italians into Eritrea and out of the region altogether. The Treaty of Addis Ababa was signed on October 26, 1896, as a result of the utter defeat. The conflict was over, and the Italians acknowledged Ethiopia's independence.